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Accepted Scientific Name: Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima (F.Ritter ex D.R.Hunt) D.R.Hunt
Cactaceae Syst. Init. 16: 6 (11 Oct. 2003).
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Origin and Habitat: Garden origin (Nursery produced cultivar)
Synonyms:
Copiapoa humilis (Phil.) Hutchison
Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 25: 34. 1953
Synonymy: 7
- Copiapoa humilis (Phil.) Hutchison
- Echinocactus humilis Phil.
- Copiapoa humilis subs. australis Hoxey
- Copiapoa humilis f. cristata hort.
- Copiapoa maritima Kníže
- Copiapoa paposoensis F.Ritter
- Copiapoa humilis var. paposoensis (F.Ritter) A.E.Hoffm.
Copiapoa humilis var. longispina (F.Ritter) A.E.Hoffm.
Cact. Fl. Silvestre Chile 118. 1989
Synonymy: 3
- Copiapoa humilis var. longispina (F.Ritter) A.E.Hoffm.
- Copiapoa humilis subs. longispina (F.Ritter) Doweld
- Copiapoa longispina F.Ritter
Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima (F.Ritter ex D.R.Hunt) D.R.Hunt
Cactaceae Syst. Init. 16: 6 (11 Oct. 2003).
Synonymy: 10
- Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima (F.Ritter ex D.R.Hunt) D.R.Hunt
- Copiapoa humilis var. tenuissima (F.Ritter) G.J.Charles
- Copiapoa hypogaea subs. tenuissima F.Ritter ex D.R.Hunt
- Copiapoa tenuissima (F.Ritter ex D.R.Hunt) D.R.Hunt
- Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. cristata hort.
- Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. monstruosa cristata hort.
- Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. monstruosa hort.
Copiapoa humilis var. tocopillana (F.Ritter) G.J.Charles
Brit. Cact. Succ. J. 16: 15. 1998
Synonymy: 3
- Copiapoa humilis var. tocopillana (F.Ritter) G.J.Charles
- Copiapoa humilis subs. tocopillana (F.Ritter) D.R.Hunt
- Copiapoa tocopillana F.Ritter
Copiapoa humilis subs. variispinata (F.Ritter) D.R.Hunt
Cactaceae Syst. Init. 13: 14. 2002 [Apr 2002]
Synonymy: 3
- Copiapoa humilis subs. variispinata (F.Ritter) D.R.Hunt
- Copiapoa humilis var. variispinata (F.Ritter) G.J.Charles
- Copiapoa variispinata F.Ritter
Description: This is the crested clone of Copiapoa tenuissimaSN|9786]]SN|1138]]. It is s fascinating crested Copiapoa sought after by cactus impassioned. This cultivar is stable and remain crested. The standard species is a geophytic cactus arising from a large tuberose root that can slowly branch from the base to form small clumps.
Habit: The standarCopiapoa tenuissimaSN|1138]]SN|1138]] is a single or clustered succulent plant, usually at or slightly below soil level.
Stems: Fun shaped, up to 5 cm in width, dull-green, dark olive green, to almost purplish-black. The stem is tubercled rather than ribbed stem and the slightly felted apex can be regarded as persistent juvenile characters.
Roots: Large tuberose connected to the stem by long slender neck. Seedlings naturally produce the huge tap root, starting from germination.
Areoles: White abundantly woolly.
Radial spines: Very thin (almost hairy), acicular, usually straight 8-14, 3-6 mm long, yellowish to blackish.
Central spines: 0-1 (-2) 4-10 mm long.
Flowers: Pretty, yellow diurnal, up to 2,5 cm long. The flowers are supposedly to be sweet scented. (The hairy ovary and fruit are a link with Ritter's PiloSN'>9787' alt='1138'>Copiapoa solaris#SN#9786'>Pilo[[Copiapoa solarisSN' style='border:none;'>)
Blooming season: Spring and summer.
Fruit: Globose, green to maroon unusual for the genus by being woolly, a primitive characteristic.
Subspecies, varieties, forms and cultivars of plants belonging to the Copiapoa humilis group
Copiapoa humilis (Phil.) Hutchison: is a very small low growing cactus with roots like turnips, usually clumping. It's a highly variable taxon with several more or less similar forms. Distribution: Antofagasta
Copiapoa humilis f. cristata hort.: Crested form.
- Copiapoa humilis var. longispina (F.Ritter) A.E.Hoffm.
Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima (F.Ritter ex D.R.Hunt) D.R.Hunt: is a geophytic cactus arising from a large tuberose root that can slowly branch from the base to form small clumps. Distibution: South of Antofagasta.
Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. cristata hort.: Crested form. Garden origin (Nursery produced cultivar)
Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. monstruosa cristata hort.: Monstrous and crested form. Garden origin (Nursery produced cultivar)
Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. monstruosa hort.: Monstrous form. Garden origin (Nursery produced cultivar)
Copiapoa humilis var. tocopillana (F.Ritter) G.J.Charles: stem usually solitary, glaucous-green to greyish greem, globose to short cylindrical. Distribution: Antofagasta: (Tocopilla) It is the most northern Copiapoa.
Copiapoa humilis subs. variispinata (F.Ritter) D.R.Hunt: has unusual green body. It form clusters that are wider than hight. Distribution: Quebrada Izcuna on the south of Caleta Botija, between Paposo and Blanco Encalada about 50 km north of Paposo.
Copiapoa leonensis I.Schaub & Keim: Related with C. humilis and C. hypogaea, has small greysh stems ( max. 5 cm) with a strong taproot. Flowers yellow-orangish. Spines long and stout. Distribution: Quebrada el León, Atacama, Chile.
Copiapoa maritima Kníže: has dark body and off-setting freely. This plant corresponds to Copiapoa humilis subsp. humilis, and the town of collection mentioned (Paposo) is the type locality of this species.
Copiapoa paposoensis F.Ritter: has harder stems than that of the Copiapoa humilis. Paposo
Bibliography: Major references and further lectures
1) Edward Anderson “The Cactus family” Timber Press, Incorporated, 2001
2) James Cullen, Sabina G. Knees, H. Suzanne Cubey "The European Garden Flora Flowering Plants: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated in Europe, Both Out-of-Doors and Under Glass" Cambridge University Press, 11/Aug/2011
3) David R Hunt; Nigel P Taylor; Graham Charles; International Cactaceae Systematics Group. "The New Cactus Lexicon" dh books, 2006
4) N. L. Britton, J. N. Rose “The Cactaceae. Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family.” Volume 4, The Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington 1923
5) Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton “Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names” Birkhäuser 2004.
6) F.Ritter “Kakteen Südamerika” 3: 1072 1980.
7) Graham Charles “Copiapoa” Cirio Pub. Services, 1999
8) Adriana Hoffmann “Cactáceas en la Flora Silvestre de Chile” 1st edition, 1989
9) Cullmann W., Götz E., Gröner G.”Kakteen: Kultur, Vermehrung und Pflege - Lexikon der Gattungen und Arten” Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1984
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Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. cristata Photo by: Valentino Vallicelli
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Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. cristata Photo by: Valentino Vallicelli
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Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. cristata Photo by: Cactus Art
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Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. cristata Photo by: Cactus Art
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Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. cristata Photo by: Cactus Art
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Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. cristata Photo by: Cactus Art
Cultivation and Propagation: Need full sun otherwise the bodies tended to elongate in cultivation, but should be protected from excessive heat and sun in summer, Require light watering, good drainage, and deep pot to accommodate tap root. . Keep warm and dry in winter to avoid rot. Frost tolerance 0°C
Propagation: Heads can be used as cuttings. They grow slowly at first until they develop the large tuberous root. Grafting is also used to speed growth rate and to create a back-up to plants in collection.
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